Balance Inquiry and Advocacy to Unlock Collective Intelligence

Medium - Requires some preparation Recommended

A software team was stuck debating their product roadmap. Half the team pushed for immediate feature releases; the other half feared technical debt. Meetings always ended with polite applause and no plan.

Then their new agile coach, Nina, introduced a simple routine: each side would state its proposal and the data driving it, then the other side would ask for those data—no objections allowed. They’d repeat until both sides could articulate each other’s views accurately. Finally they’d propose one experiment to resolve the debate—a short spike on a prototype feature.

At first, discussions were awkward. Some asked “hostage” questions—“If my proposal is wrong, does that mean you’ll drop your plan?” But soon, everyone grew curious rather than defensive. They unearthed hidden assumptions—about timelines, user needs, and architectural risk—and saw how each idea had merit in a different context. They combined both visions into a single, phased experiment that delivered fast feedback and slow technical debt.

That one practice of balancing advocacy with real inquiry reshaped their entire process. Today, they no longer argue in circles. Instead, they co-create experiments that clarify assumptions, turning every debate into a stepping stone rather than a stumbling block.

When you hit a debate, state your view with its underlying data, then ask teammates to probe your reasoning without arguing. Echo their main points back to confirm and then co-design a quick experiment to test your combined ideas.

What You'll Achieve

You’ll transform debates into collaborative experiments, accelerating shared understanding and unlocking the team’s collective intelligence.

Speak and Ask to Learn Together

1

State your view openly.

When you share your perspective on a problem, preface it with “Here’s how I see it,” and explain your reasoning in two sentences.

2

Invite challenge.

Follow with “I’d like to hear your take” and ask questions like “What data would change your perspective?” to open real dialogue.

3

Listen to understand.

Resist defending or justifying. Instead, repeat back key points they’ve made to show you’re tracking their logic.

4

Co-create next steps.

Ask, “What shall we test together to see which idea holds up?” and agree on a small experiment or data gathering.

Reflection Questions

  • When did an argument end without resolution in your team?
  • How could inquiry have softened defenses in that meeting?
  • What small test could clarify your next big decision?

Personalization Tips

  • In budgeting: Present your proposal, then ask colleagues to map out counter-arguments before a vote.
  • In product teams: Share your user-research conclusions, then ask for others’ data that might confirm or disprove them.
  • With friends: Voice your travel plans, then genuinely ask for hidden risks or better ideas.
The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of The Learning Organization
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The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of The Learning Organization

Peter M. Senge 2006
Insight 6 of 8

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