Authority without fairness breeds resistance

Imagine a kindergarten classroom where a teacher yanks down a student’s hand mid-question, scolds them, and moves on—no explanation, no apology. Predictably, the class grows restless. Now picture the same teacher who pauses, asks, “Why did you raise your hand?” and listens intently before giving a calm reminder. The children stay engaged. That difference illustrates the principle of legitimacy: people follow authority when they feel heard, see consistent rules, and trust the fairness of decisions.

Scholars like Tom Tyler have shown across dozens of studies that “procedural justice”—the fair treatment of individuals by authorities—boosts voluntary compliance more than harsher sanctions ever can. It hinges on three pillars: giving people a voice, applying rules impartially, and demonstrating genuine care. Whether you’re a boss handing out assignments, a parent setting chores, or a police chief enforcing curfew, legitimacy isn’t some soft add-on; it’s the core engine of obedience.

In Northern Ireland’s Troubles, for instance, communities lost faith in authorities they saw as biased, and resistance skyrocketed. Conversely, officers who treated residents with respect—even in tough standoffs—saw cooperation rise. Legitimacy isn’t about lenience or weakness; it’s about building a foundation of respect that empowers compliance and trust.

Before issuing your next directive, pause to ask affected team members or family why they think you’re taking that step—and listen without judgment. Check if you’ve applied the same standard in recent decisions; fix any inconsistencies. Finally, explain your reasoning, linking it to shared goals. You’ll find people are more willing to follow guidance that feels fair—give it a try this week.