Break the Average Trap: Why One-Size-Fits-All Solutions Satisfy No One
A home builder in Detroit was stuck: beautiful new condos, expert staff, big ads—yet visitors kept walking out without buying. Standard surveys said buyers wanted a big living room and a guest bedroom, so every unit had those. But sales wouldn’t budge, and the design palette felt bland and 'average.' One day, the builder started asking people who actually bought, ‘What finally pushed you to make the leap?’ What came up again and again was the old dining room table—buyers were paralyzed by the stress of getting rid of a table tied to years of memories. The condos, built for 'average' buyers, had no space for these cherished (if shabby) tables. That seemingly small pain point caused prospective customers to freeze up and bail, even after months of considering a move.
The developer promptly shrank the second bedroom to make space for the table, added a service to help with moving and sorting old keepsakes, and reduced customization choices to minimize stress. Sales rebounded—fast—while rival developments floundered. This story echoes the mistakes organizations make everywhere: when you optimize for averages, you serve nobody well. Demographic data is seductive, but people’s real-life contexts are not average—they’re jagged and unique, and so are their emotional triggers.
Behavioral economics shows that trade-offs and emotional barriers often make or break a decision—details that are washed out by 'market averages.' Recognizing and designing around meaningful circumstances, even when messy, helps you build offerings people truly adopt.
Next time you design a project or service, start by mapping out the different occasions, places, or reasons people use it—don’t settle for broad categories. Interview folks to hear their whole story, quirks and all, so you can spot surprising patterns that generic surveys miss. Notice when a solution works perfectly in one context but frustrates in another, and create at least two separate fixes or ideas for these major jobs, even if it feels less efficient at first. This willingness to break from 'average thinking' unlocks loyalty where everyone else is ignored. Try the approach—one of your smallest changes could win you the most gratitude.
What You'll Achieve
Internally, you’ll develop a more flexible and curious mindset about customer behavior. Externally, you’ll reduce wasted effort on generic solutions and cultivate passionate user advocates who feel truly understood.
Zoom in on Customer Circumstances, Not Averages
List all distinct situations where your solution is used.
Describe times, places, and contexts—like 'morning commute' or 'rewarding my child.' Stay specific.
Interview real users about their entire experience.
Ask users to tell their full story, including what led them to act and what obstacles they encountered.
Identify what makes each context unique.
Notice if the needs, feelings, or competitors change across different situations. Write these shifts down.
Design at least two targeted solutions per major job.
Avoid 'averaging' feedback—create offerings or features tailored to each distinct job, even if it means less 'efficiency.'
Reflection Questions
- Are any of your current offerings actually designed for 'average' users?
- Which groups of customers have very different needs or contexts?
- What’s the emotional barrier stopping someone from making a switch?
- What would happen if you built for extremes, not for the middle?
Personalization Tips
- If you're planning healthy lunches for a family, realize 'kids' and 'adults' have different jobs—kids need fun and independence, adults want quick and nutritious. Make two sets of options.
- For an afterschool tutoring program, don't just average all parent feedback; create separate experiences for students who need confidence-building versus those who crave deeper challenges.
Competing Against Luck
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