Hard Truths: Why Cross-Functional Diversity and Messy Environments Outperform Clean Hierarchies

Organizational theorists have long debated whether neatness and hierarchy are necessary for efficient teams. But decades of research, plus lived experience in creative firms, say the opposite: breakthroughs come from cross-functional teams that are constantly reshuffling, and in spaces full of prototypes, experiments, and artifacts of ongoing work. Studies show that 'densely packed' and 'messy' environments force interaction, speed feedback, and lower barriers for idea sharing. When recognition is tied to achievement, not titles or square footage, everyone participates more.

Hot teams—temporary, passionate, and mixed—outperform bored committees. The energy of reinvention comes from blending engineers with artists, product managers with customers, and allowing everyone to bring a piece of their non-work life into the mix. Clean-desk policies and rigid assignments, on the other hand, reduce serendipity, kill trust, and encourage defensive, risk-averse behavior.

What looks like chaos from above is, in fact, the ecosystem where innovation grows. The science is clear: you’re better off with a crowded, colorful 'garage' than a spotless boardroom if you’re seeking the next breakthrough.

Next time you set up a project or workspace, ditch the pecking order and let people mix, rotate, and display their work—even in various states of chaos. Hang up doodles, parts, or drafts, and celebrate those with the best ideas, not the biggest office. Invite people with unexpected backgrounds to weigh in on tough challenges. This messy, ever-changing mix is what actually grows cultures of innovation—so don’t hesitate to lean into the clutter and the odd pairings. It’s the hard truth, but it works.